Today we are going to talk about the meaning and usage of ” niyotte ・ niyoru ・ niyori” “による, により, によって(は)”. In fact, as long as you understand the changes in verbs, you can understand the relationship between the three more easily, and it will be easier to learn. for fast.
PATTERNS OF ” yoru (よる)”
- Shūshikei base(終止形, Terminal):よる
- Mizenkei base(未然形, Irrealis):よらない、よらぬ、よらず
- Ren’yōkei base(連用形, Conjunctive):より(ます)
- Kateikei base(仮定形, Hypothetical):よれば
- te form:よって(Indicates a continuation of action)
SENTENCE PATTERN OF ” niyoru・niyori・niyotte “
- N+による( niyoru )+N2
- N+により( niyori )+sentence
- N+によって(は)( niyotte wa ) + sentence
MEANINGS OF ” niyoru・niyori・niyotte “
① according to: according to~。
Ex:部屋に灯りが付いてることによって、彼は家にいる可能性は大きいと思われる。
Meaning: According to the lights in the room are on, there’s a good chance he’s in the room.
② Reason: Due to~。
Ex:彼はケガにより、今回の試合は欠席となります。
Meaning: Due to an injury, he will be absent from this game.
③ means:use ~ as a means。by~。It cannot be used in everyday life
(○)箸でご飯を食べる。(Eat rice with chopsticks)(X)箸によってご飯を食べる。(Eat rice with chopsticks)
Ex:広告による収益を増やす方法は効率がいいです。
Meaning: The efficient way to increase your revenue is to use Advertisement
④ different results due to different conditions
Ex:言い方によって(は)、人を怒らせてしまうこともある。
Meaning: Depending on how you say it, you can make people angry.
⑤ passive:Made by 〇〇.(represent historical facts)
Ex:この曲はショパンによって作られた。
Meaning: This piece was composed by Chopin.
⑥ subject of action
Ex:安室奈美恵によるコンサートが開催される。
Meaning: A concert by Namie Amuro will be held.
RELATED GRAMMAR
【N3 grammar】〜によらず(~ ni yorazu)、によらぬ(~ ni yoranu)
Ex:彼は見た目によらず、いい人ですね!( He’s a good person regardless of his appearance )
【N3 grammar】〜によれば(~ niyoreba)、によると(~ niyoruto)
Ex:ニュースによると、明日は雨だそうです。( According to news reports, it looks like it will rain tomorrow. )
DIALOGUE
DIALOGUE1
最近は飲酒運転による事故が多いですね!(There seem to be a lot of accidents due to drunk driving recently!)
そうですね!ニュースによると、全国で今月だけで100件以上が通報されていますね!(Yes! According to news reports, more than 100 cases have been reported across the country this month alone!)
一瞬の判断によって、自分と他人の人生を変えてしまうかもしれないからね!(Just a moment of judgment may change the life of oneself and others!)
DIALOGUE2
この二年間でコロナ禍によって倒産した企業が増えてますね!(In the past two years, the number of companies that have closed down due to the epidemic has increased a lot!)
そうですよ!うちの会社も危ないらしいよ!(Yes! Our company seems to be dangerous too!)
でも東京都庁の発表によれば、来年から回復する見込みがあるとの話も聞いていますが..!(But according to the announcement of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government, it seems that there is a chance to reply next year.)
そうだといいですが..(Hope so!)